Newsletter 18 Februari 2010
H1N1 flu has hit kids with neuromuscular disorders especially hard
Derek Collette, 13, who has cerebral palsy, winces with pain as his mother Christina Collette helps lift him out of bed in the morning. Derek has been largely confined to a wheelchair and unable to go to school since he had the flu in May 2009. [...]
Source: USA TODAY
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yj8zmje
Research
Flu-induced stress response is critical for resistance to secondary infection
A new study reveals how infection with the influenza virus impacts the way that the immune system responds to subsequent infections. The research, published by Cell Press in the February 18th issue of the journal Cell Host and Microbe, provides a new understanding of the physiological and pathological consequences of the flu.
Much of what is known about how the immune system protects against infection comes from studies examining exposure to a single pathogen. However, in the natural environment, organisms are commonly exposed to multiple infectious agents at the same time, so it is important to determine how the host's response to one pathogen alters its response to another. This is particularly relevant for infection with influenza because it is often accompanied by secondary bacterial infections that are more lethal that the initial viral infection.
"Several studies have demonstrated that infection with influenza virus can result in a suppression of the immune system," explains senior study author, Dr. Ruslan Medzhitov from the Department of Immunology at the Yale University School of Medicine. "However, these studies focused primarily on the local effects of influenza at the site of infection. The effect of influenza virus infection on the systemic immune response is less well understood."[...]
Source: Eurekalert
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ydl9v6k
Comment
When swine flu pandemic hits home
By Steve Sternberg, USA TODAY
Joan Bishop's thoughts trend toward disaster. Earthquakes, hurricanes, "dirty bombs," weapons of mass destruction, killer pandemics — she has studied them all.
But Bishop, 46, of Fairfax, Va., says her expertise did little to stop the H1N1 pandemic from landing on her doorstep. Despite taking all the recommended precautions, two of her three daughters, Beri, 10, and Bailey, 13, contracted swine flu. Each posed a different challenge because their unique risks — Beri's autism and epilepsy and Bailey's asthma — made them more difficult to treat.
What's more, Bishop says, her expertise intensified her concerns about her children.
"I know too much," she says. [...]
Source: USA Today
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ykmwz44
Risk Communication
Health officials: Don't forget 2nd dose of H1N1 vaccine
If your child had a first dose of the H1N1 vaccine, but didn't get the second dose, you'll be getting a phone call if you live in Salt Lake County.
Officials at the Salt Lake Valley Health Department say more than 16,600 local children are overdue for the second vaccine dose required to protect them from the H1N1 virus, so they began making "reminder calls" this week. [...]
Source: deseretnews.com
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ybcazc5
Photo
A student from Pelambayan Religious School reciting the 'Ratib Al-Attas' and other prayers to seek protection against Influenza A (H1N1) in a religious ceremony organised by the Islamic Studies Department held at the school. Picture: BT/Yusri Adanan
Source: The Brunei Times
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yhlhymm
Quote
“It's mind-blowing to me. This is a very serious disease. People are still getting sick, still being hospitalized and we are still having the occasional death." Dr. Bob England, PHOENIX - Health officials.
Source: azfamily.com - "So many H1N1 shots available they are being thrown away"
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yconzf8
News Flash
HK reports 70th fatal case of influenza A/H1N1
Xinhua
He attended Princess Margaret Hospital on Dec. 30 last year due to flu symptoms. Positive result for influenza A/H1N1 was confirmed on the same day. ...
Read more: http://goo.gl/gGQh
Flu jab for the elderly may be a waste of time: review of evidence
Telegraph.co.uk
All people aged over 65 are offered the seasonal flu vaccine and around three quarters have it, the latest Government figures show and is thought to cost ...
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ygcejkj
By 2012, no more bird flu in S Kalimantan
Antara
Banjarbaru, S Kalimantan (ANTARA News) - The Indonesian province of South Kalimantan remained prone to the attacks of bird flu but it would be free from the deadly virus by 2012.
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yz988ur
500000 people vaccinated against A/H1N1 flu in Mexican capital
Xinhua
17 (Xinhua) -- At least 500000 residents of Mexico City have got vaccinated against the A/H1N1 flu, the city's health official told media on Wednesday. ...
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ycoj9dn
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 17 Februari 2010
Study links pandemic spread to gaps in paid sick leave
Employees without paid sick days were more likely to work when they were sick during the peak of the fall pandemic wave and may have extended the outbreak by infecting their coworkers, according to a research group.
Using data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the US Department of Labor, the investigators estimate that almost 26 million employed Americans age 18 and older may have been infected with the pandemic H1N1 virus from September through November. They projected that nearly 18 million took at least a part of a week off due to illness and that 8 million apparently worked while they were sick. [...]
Source: CIDRAP
Read more: http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/cidrap/content/influenza/biz-plan/news/feb1610sickleave-jw.html
Research
Gastrointestinal absorption of Tamiflu in critically ill patients with H1N1
An increased dosage of Tamiflu (oseltamivir) for patients with critical illness is unlikely to be required in the treatment of pandemic (H1N1) influenza, contrary to current international guidelines, found a new study http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/doi/10.1503/cmaj.092127 in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) www.cmaj.ca.
World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend that all critically ill patients should be treated with Tamiflu and if the patient was unresponsive to standard doses or critically ill, a higher dose should be considered.
The CMAJ study looked at the gastrointestinal absorption of Tamiflu in 44 patients, 18 years of age or older, with suspected or confirmed pandemic (H1N1) influenza who were admitted to nine ICUs in two cities in Canada (Winnipeg and Ottawa) and Tarragona, Spain because of respiratory failure. As critically ill patients may have gastrointestinal absorption issues, guidelines suggest higher doses of Tamiflu.[...]
Source: eurekalert.org
Read more: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-02/cmaj-gao021610.php
H1N1 learnings: Risk factors for severe outcomes among patients admitted to hospital with H1N1
A new study in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/doi/10.1503/cmaj.091823 of all patients in Canada admitted to hospital for H1N1 in the first five months of the outbreak summarizes the risk factors for a severe outcome (www.cmaj.ca). The H1N1 pandemic presents important learnings for clinicians and researchers and data on severe outcomes can help inform future treatment and prevention guidelines.
The risk of a severe outcome among patients admitted to hospital with H1N1 was elevated among those who had an underlying medical condition and patients 20 years of age and older. Patients aged 65 years and older were at the greatest risk for death.[...]
Source: eurekalert.org
Read more: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-02/cmaj-hlr021610.php
Fulminant Myocarditis Associated With Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Virus in Children
Acute myocarditis is a well-recognized, albeit rare, manifestation of numerous viral infections (1) with a broad spectrum of symptoms and clinical features (2). Fulminant myocarditis may present with fatal arrhythmias, atrioventricular block, and/or varying degrees of cardiogenic shock (3).
The prevalence of myocardial involvement in influenza infection ranges from 0 to 11% depending on the diagnostic criteria used to define myocarditis (4).
Fulminant myocarditis is an uncommon complication, typically diagnosed in association with circulatory collapse or at autopsy in patients with influenza-associated fatal outcomes (5). A few case reports and series (6–8) represent the incidental diagnoses of influenza-associated acute fulminant myocarditis, but the true prevalence remains unknown.
Here we present the first known report of acute myocarditis in pediatric population associated with the present pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus infection. Four cases occurred within a 30-day period, and 3 of them were diagnosed as fulminant myocarditis with fatal or near-fatal outcomes. [...]
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Read more: http://content.onlinejacc.org/cgi/content/full/j.jacc.2010.01.004v1
Comment
Stolen: WHO statement on the H1N1 Pandemic
I would like to summarize a statement put out by the World Health Organization (WHO) in regard to the H1N1 Pandemic and the various accusations swirling around. The statement I am summarizing was given by Dr. Keiji Fukuda on behalf of the WHO at the Council of Europe hearing on pandemic (H1N1) 2009. He is a special adviser on pandemic influenza. Before coming to WHO, Dr. Fukuda was chief of the epidemiology unit in the influenza branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States. The WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations with 193 member states. The WHO implements the global health policies decided upon by these countries and provides technical support to the countries that helps all countries to protect and improve the health of their populations. The response to the H1N1 pandemic is just one example.
Basically the statement points out that this current influenza pandemic is a scientifically well-documented event in which the emergence and spread of a new influenza virus has caused an unusual epidemiological pattern of disease throughout the world. The labeling of the pandemic as “fake” is to ignore recent history and science and to trivialize the deaths of more than 14,000 people and the many additional serious illnesses experienced by others. The H1N1 influenza pandemic has created immensely complicated challenges for countries as well as the global community, and there is much to learn about how the world can improve its handling of such events and a need to separate fact from rhetoric. Recently, accusations have been made that policies and recommendations of the WHO were influenced by the pharmaceutical industry. The WHO guards against the influence of any improper interests. The influenza pandemic policies and responses recommended and taken by the WHO were not improperly influenced by the pharmaceutical industry. [...]
Source: summitdaily.com
Read more: http://www.summitdaily.com/article/20100215/NEWS/100219870/0/FRONTPAGE
Risk Communication
Righttime Medical Care Provides Free H1N1 Vaccine to Community
Righttime Medical Care is doing its part to help the community in these troubled economic times by giving free H1N1 flu shots to its patients. "We’re celebrating 20 years of service this year, and feel this is a good way to give back to the communities we serve,” said Robert G. [...]
Source: PRWeb via Yahoo! News
Read more: http://news.yahoo.com/s/prweb/20100216/bs_prweb/prweb3611294_2
Photo
India’s H1N1 death count touches 1309
Source: The Med GuruRead more: http://www.themedguru.com/20100216/newsfeature/india-s-h1n1-death-count-touches-1309-86132362.html
"We are going to be vaccinating...starting with pregnant women, people at entry points, people who are involved in sports administration," said Motsoaledi. South Africa Health Minister Aaron Motsoaledi.
Source: Goal.com - World Cup 2010: Swine Flu Threat In Mind
Read more: http://www.rs.goal.com/en/news/1863/world-cup-2010/2010/02/16/1793220/world-cup-2010-swine-flu-threat-in-mind
News Flash
Questions and Answers: Flu-Related Hospitalizations and Deaths in the United States from April 2009 - January 30, 2010.
CDC Swine Flu Updates
This Q&A provides updated information about flu-related hospitalizations and deaths in the United States reported to CDC from April 2009 - January 30, 2010.
Read more: http://www2c.cdc.gov/podcasts/download.asp?af=h&f=769690
Seoul to Deliver Hand Sanitizers to Pyongyang
Korea Times
South Korea plans to deliver 1 billion won worth of hand sanitizers to help North Koreans fight the H1N1 flu virus, the Ministry of ...
Read more: http://news.google.com/news/url?fd=R&sa=T&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koreatimes.co.kr%2Fwww%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2010%2F02%2F116_60926.html&usg=AFQjCNH9NBUVV6ZtPzlodLI9lAdLHQLbyw
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 16 Februari 2010
New Issue
Corrected - Swine Flu Outbreak Threatens At World Cup
South Africa faces a possible health crisis if a swine flu outbreak strikes during the soccer World Cup this year, Health Minister Aaron Motsoaledi told parliament on Monday.
"One of our biggest nightmares is the fact that 2010 is going to be held in June when there is a possibility of another bout of H1N1," Motsoaledi said.
The month-long tournament, hosted in Africa for the first time, is expected to attract 450,000 tourists during the South African winter.
Motsoaledi said the department of health had managed to acquire 1.3 million doses of the H1N1 vaccine and another 3.5 million doses from the World Health Organisation (WHO). [...]
Source: NY Times - Reuters
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yjz32xq
Research
Waning H1N1 pandemic may let in new viruses
Governments should not ease up on swine flu vaccine programs, experts say
The declining wave of pandemic H1N1 flu is likely to be followed by new, unknown strains of seasonal flu which health authorities must watch carefully to devise protection measures, European flu experts said on Friday.
The European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) warned that flu viruses "never stand still" and said governments should not relax H1N1 flu vaccination programs, but remain on guard for possible changes in the virus and new strains.
"The historical pattern of human influenzas is that after pandemics, the world experiences a new mix of viruses," the ECDC's flu expert Angus Nicoll wrote in the Eurosurveillance scientific journal.[...]
Source: MSNBC - Reuters
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ydm4v6o
Comment
Vaccinating obese kids: the long and the short of it
By revere
Studying the efficacy (effect under controlled conditions) and effectiveness (effect under real world conditions) of vaccines is a tricky business we've talked a lot about here. How do you know when someone has really gotten the vaccine? Just because you stuck the needle into them? That's a pretty good indication, but it might not be all the information you need. Their weight might be another. And the length of the needle used still another:
In a new study, the researchers report that using a standard 1-inch needle to immunize obese adolescents against hepatitis B virus produced a much weaker effect than using a longer needle.
"As obesity rises in the US, we need to be aware that the standard of care may have to change to protect obese youth," study co-author Dr. Amy Middleman of Baylor College of Medicine in Houston told Reuters Health.
Over three years her team vaccinated 22 young women and two young men in the shoulder, randomly assigning them to be injected with either a 1-inch or a 1.5-inch needle. (Reuters) [...]
Source: ScienceBlogs
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/y9lvh9d
Risk Communication
Summary Box: Fighting pandemics in digital age
WHAT'S NEW: IPhone apps, social networks, Wikipedia and flu-tracking sites allow people to share information, shape conversations and keep tabs on health threats like never before.
HOW IT HELPS: By disseminating information quickly, people could be warned about outbreaks such as the swine flu sooner and take preventative measures.
HOW IT HURTS: Unreliable or false reports could lead to mass panic. [...]
Related articles
Using Technology to Battle Pandemics in a Digital World
Fighting pandemics like swine flu in digital age
Source: The Associated Press - Google news
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yl6768k
Photo
(AP Photo/Rich Schultz)
Source: Yahoo News - AP
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ygqkqwc
Quote
Source: N.J. Courier-Post Online
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ykh4xm5
News Flash
Indian data on swine flu shamefully inadequate: Virologist
Deccanherald.com
Warning that India should brace for more deaths from the swine flu (H1N1) pandemic, a leading virologist has described as ''shameful'' the lack of scientific data on its outbreak in the country...
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yz3hxhd
Mexico tourism revenues drop 15 percent in 2009
Reuters AlertNet
At the end of April, Mexico was the epicenter of a global flu outbreak of the H1N1 strain that spread around the world and caused the World Health ...
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/ygwbq4b
Swine flu science update: 10 February 2010
Reuters AlertNet
The WHO has defended its handling of swine flu — influenza A(H1N1) — after being accused of declaring a pandemic without adequate scientific evidence. ...
Read more: http://tinyurl.com/yhf75pv
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 15 Februari 2010
New Issue
Swine flu killed up to 17,000 in U.S. - report
H1N1 swine flu has killed as many as 17,000 Americans, including 1,800 children, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported on Friday.Skip related content
The swine flu pandemic put as many people into the hospital as during the normal influenza season -- but most were younger adults and children instead of the elderly, and it was during the months when usually very little or no flu is circulating, the CDC said.
"CDC estimates that between 41 million and 84 million cases of 2009 H1N1 occurred between April 2009 and January 16, 2010," the agency said in a statement. Usually the CDC goes with a middle number, which is about 57 million people infected.
Source: Yahoo news - Reuters
Read more: http://uk.news.yahoo.com/22/20100212/tpl-uk-flu-usa-41a8b2f.html
Research
Low levels of antibiotics cause multidrug resistance in 'superbugs'
For years, doctors have warned patients to finish their antibiotic prescriptions or risk a renewed infection by a "superbug" that can mount a more powerful defense against the same drug. But a new study by Boston University biomedical engineers indicates that treating bacteria with levels of antibiotics insufficient to kill them produces germs that are cross-resistant to a wide range of antibiotics.
In the Feb. 12 issue of Molecular Cell, research led by Boston University Professor James J. Collins details for the first time the biomolecular process that produces superbugs. When administered in lethal levels, antibiotics trigger a fatal chain reaction within the bacteria that shreds the cell's DNA. But, when the level of antibiotic is less than lethal the same reaction causes DNA mutations that are not only survivable, but actually protect the bacteria from numerous antibiotics beyond the one it was exposed to.
Source: Eurekalert
Read more: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-02/buco-llo021110.php
Comment
Global health is public health
Last year, in The Lancet, Jeffrey Koplan and colleagues1 provided a new definition for global health and proposed several distinctions between global health, international health, and public health. This attempt to distinguish differences between global health and public health conflicts with the key tenets of a global public health strategy (panel). These tenets offer the foundation of a redesigned global health system that could accomplish the optimum level of health for populations. This approach has profound implications for training, scholarship, and practice necessary to improve human health.
Panel
Key tenets of global public health
Belief that global health is public health. Public health is global health for the public good.
Dedication to better health for all, with particular attention to the needs of the most vulnerable populations, and a basic commitment to health as a human right.
Belief in a global perspective on scientific inquiry and on the translation of knowledge into practice, not limited by political boundaries, but sensitive to contextual issues that might influence illness, the design or choice of interventions, or health systems.
A scientific approach to health promotion and disease prevention that examines broad determinants of health including, but not limited to, delivery of medical care, and creates integrated approaches in clinic, community, and government.
Commitment to an interdisciplinary approach and collaborative team work to analyse problems of populations. Global concerns, such as climate change, and cross-disciplinary issues, such as zoonotic diseases and human health, involve close collaborations between medicine, public health, veterinary medicine, and many other disciplines.
Multilevel systems-based interventions deployed to address the interactive contributions of societal and health-governance issues, corporate responsibility, and environmental, behavioural, and biological risk factors are key.
Comprehensive frameworks for financing and structuring health policies and services that support community-based and clinical prevention integrated with health-care delivery and deployment of a balanced workforce of physicians, nurses, and other providers.
Source: The Lancet
Risk Communication
Two Approaches to Integrating Social Media
Two links caught our attention this week that could be of interest to stations covering H1N1. While these examples are not directly related to swine flu, they may inspire you to try new approaches in your coverage.
The first is Crowdsourcing: A Field Guide from WNYC. Crowdsourcing entails soliciting your audience to help collect, curate, and vet information around a specific topic or issue. WNYC has been experimenting with crowdsourcing for the last few years, most notably on the Brian Lehrer Show (recently, the program asked the audience to contribute examples of the recession’s impact for their Uncommon Economic Indicatorsproject). The guide provides case studies on how to implement crowdsourcing at your station, along with tips on where it fits in your existing editorial process and standards. There’s a useful 10 point quick-guidethat rounds up the big takeaways from the field guide.
While the recent snowstorms in the Washington DC area don’t reach the crisis threshold, it’s fair to say they had a major impact on the region. The Washington Post is using the Ushahidi platform (which we mentioned in our round-up of responses to the earthquake in Haiti) to map the impact of the storm. The map provides an online tool that allows the audience to highlight locations still buried from the storm — impassable streets and sidewalks, cars buried, and power outages. But they also encourage folks to map opportunities to help in the dig out — snow blowers available or a shovel to share.
Getting to know emerging tools and techniques during more routine scenarios will allow public media outlets to respond more effectively when and if a crisis hits.
Source: FluPortal
Read more: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Fluportalorg/~3/QQsL-JdlvJM/
Photo
Source: Daylife
Quote
"At the same time we live in an age when there is real and widespread public concern about welfare standards for farm animals, threats from animal diseases old and new (such as blue tongue, bird flu and swine flu), and food safety."
Source: The Northern Echo
News Flash
Avian influenza – situation in Indonesia
WHO
The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 25-year-old female from South Jakarta District, DKI Jakarta Province died on 25 January 2010. Laboratory tests were positive for H5N1 virus infection.
Read more: http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_02_12a/en/index.html
Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 - update 87
WHO
As of 7 February 2010, worldwide more than 212 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009, including at least 15292 deaths.
Read more: http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_02_12/en/index.html
Pemerintah Cabut Larangan Impor Babi
Antara
Pemerintah mencabut larangan impor hewan babi dan produk turunannya yang diberlakukan sejak Mei 2009 mengusul merebaknya virus H1N1 yang dikenal dengan penyakit flu Babi pada 2009.
Read more: http://www.antaranews.com/berita/1266064618/pemerintah-cabut-larangan-impor-babi
CDC: Swine flu made 57 million Americans ill
The Associated Press
ATLANTA — Swine flu cases are down, but health officials say the disease's cumulative impact has grown to 57 million US illnesses, 257000 hospitalizations ...
Read more: http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hjdCHrP82YTFser5vD6CzTK1az6wD9DQOKR82
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 12 Februari 2010
New Issue
WHO experts to determine if worst of flu pandemic is over
GENEVA — The World Health Organisation said Thursday that its emergency panel of swine flu experts would meet this month to formally determine whether the pandemic has passed its peak.
"WHO will be asking the emergency committee to convene later this month to review the situation and provide the WHO with guidance on whether we are entering a post peak period," said Keiji Fukuda, Special Adviser to the WHO Director-General on Pandemic Influenza.
Source: AFP
Read more: http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hKd4gcAzqroGbNU1VBqzOjsV_N7g
Research
H1N1 patients required more intensive hospital care than typical flu patients
When compared to a typical flu, the H1N1 virus resulted in a higher proportion of patients requiring specialized hospital services—and affected younger people more—according to a new study released today by the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI).
The study, H1N1 in Canada—A Context for Understanding Patients and Their Use of Hospital Services,is the first of its kind to examine at a pan-Canadian level how hospitalizations for H1N1 differed from hospitalizations associated with a typical flu. It compares Public Health Agency of Canada FluWatch analysis from April to December 2009 with CIHI hospital statistics for the baseline year 2007–2008. The comparison group included patients with influenza and/or pneumonia, the most common complication of influenza.
Source: Canadian Institute for Health Information
Read more: http://secure.cihi.ca/cihiweb/dispPage.jsp?cw_page=media_20100211_e
Comment
Letter: Pharmacists to be first-line resource
As concern mounts about the fate of our national health care plan, and the population that will face the outcome of these policies, pharmacists will play a more active role in health care needs.
The role of pharmacists is not to count pills anymore, but to deliver a wide-range of services and advice to the public. As a student-pharmacist at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), I have been trained to give the H1N1 flu vaccine, the proper use and effectiveness of over-the-counter (OTC) products, explain what Medicare is, and how to find cost-effective plans, and take blood pressure. These are not arbitrary skills that I have acquired, but some of these are tools that I have seen pharmacists perform at the local pharmacy where I intern.
Pharmacists are also trained on whether or not to recommend OTC medications, or if a referral to a physician is best. A symptom that you are feeling may be associated with a medication you are on, an interaction with another drug, or another reason the pharmacist may be able to help you with, saving you from a trip to the physician's office.
Source: Wisconsin Rapids Tribune
Read more: http://www.wisconsinrapidstribune.com/article/20100211/WRT06/2110692
Risk Communication
A Guide to Reporting on Crises
The International Center for Journalists (ICFJ), which aims to “raise the standards of journalism,” has just published a comprehensive guide for journalists called “Disaster and Crisis Coverage.” It offers detailed advice that you could apply to H1N1 or any other crisis.
The guide starts off with a reminder of journalism’s importance during a disaster:
Veteran journalist and consultant Michael Marcotte says a news organization plays four key roles during a crisis. It’s a vital information resource, telling what is happening where, who is affected, how things are changing, and why. It’s a communication lifeline, saving lives by relaying critical information to and from affected parties. It’s an early warning beacon, transmitting timely, reliable information that prevents harm. And it’s a community forum, giving citizens a way to come together, share concerns and support one another during difficult times. [...]
Source: Flu Portal Blog
Read more: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Fluportalorg/~3/g1L9bOrCk_M/
Photo
Health workers at an NHS Direct call centre in south London. A swine flu hotline, launched seven months ago amid fears of a global pandemic of the virus, was switched off after a steady fall in the number of cases reported.
Source: (AFP/File/Peter Macdiarmid)
Quote
"Chan said 'ministers of health' should take advantage of the 'devastating impact' swine flu will have on poorer nations to get out the message that 'changes in the functioning of the global economy' are needed to 'distribute wealth on the basis of' values 'like community, solidarity, equity and social justice".
Source: Medical News Today
Read more: http://www.daylife.com/quote/01XE2DheXj9u3?q=swine+flu
News Flash
Emergency Service News
The National Pandemic Flu Service, set up to support the NHS in dispensing drugs to patients at the height of the pandemic, has closed today.
Read more: http://www.esnews.co.uk/?p=5753&mode=1
H1N1 Causes Severe Heart Inflammation
Medpage Today
Four children seen with H1N1 influenza infection at a San Diego hospital developed acute myocarditis, which killed one of them, researchers said.
Read more: http://www.medpagetoday.com/InfectiousDisease/SwineFlu/18422
The Citizen
South Africans have been warned not to become complacent about swine flu as it remains a grave health threat around the world ahead of the 2010 Soccer World Cup.
Read more: http://www.citizen.co.za/index/article.aspx?pDesc=115866,1,22
Hong Kong reports 68th fatal case of A/H1N1 flu
Xinhua
Hong Kong Hospital Authority announced Thursday that a 47-year-old male patient had died of A/ H1N1 flu-related disease, bringing the toll of ...
To Prevent Bird Flu, South Jakarta to Operate New Slauthering House
Berita Jakarta
As part of its efforts to curb the spread of bird flu in its area, West Jakarta Municipal Administration will operate a new chicken slaughtering house (RPA) located in Petukanganutara urban village in April. The house has a capacity of around 14,400 chickens a day.
Read more: http://www.beritajakarta.com/2008/en/newsview.aspx?idwil=0&id=13780
Pandemic Preparedness Untested In Ontario Hospitals
Medical News Today
One quarter of Ontario hospitals surveyed in a Queen's University-led study do not have an influenza pandemic plan and few plans that do exist have been tested. In addition, key players were not involved in developing the plans, and funding for pandemic preparedness was inadequate.
Read more: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/178895.php
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 11 Februari 2010
Bidang Komunikasi Komnas FBPI E-Newsletter * Wisma ITC Lt. 4 Jl. Abdul Muis No. 8 10160 Jakarta * www.komnasfbpi.go.id * www.fluburung-indo.blogspot.com * www.twitter.com/infoflu
New Issue
BJOG release: Swine flu in pregnancy – what to look out for
A new study published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology examines how the swine flu virus, Influenza A H1N1 (2009), affects pregnant women.
Clinicians at the KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital in Singapore treated 211 confirmed cases of pregnant women with swine flu between 26 May 2009 and 14 September 2009. These were women who had fever and/or acute respiratory illness at presentation and a positive diagnosis of having swine flu through a throat swab.
Most of these patients reported having fever at home but only 62.2% had a fever when they arrived at hospital. Cough was the most prevalent symptom, occurring in 90.5%. Other recorded symptoms were: runny nose (62.1%), sore throat (58.8%), muscle ache (32.2%), headache (18%), and breathlessness (13.3%). Co-morbidities included: asthma (12.8%), hypertension (0.5%) and gestational diabetes (1.9%). There were two cases of pneumonia, one requiring admission to intensive care. Both recovered.
Source: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Read more: http://www.rcog.org.uk/news/bjog-release-swine-flu-pregnancy-%E2%80%93-what-look-out
Research
Treatment strategies for severe cases of pandemic influenza have focused on antiviral therapies. In contrast, passive immunotherapy with convalescent blood products has received limited attention. We consider the hypothesis that a passive-immunotherapy program that collects plasma from a small percentage of recovered adults can harvest sufficient convalescent plasma to treat a substantial percentage of severe cases during a pandemic. We use a mathematical model to estimate the demand and supply of passive immunotherapy during an influenza pandemic in Hong Kong. If >5% of 20- to 55-year-old individuals recovered from symptomatic infection donate their plasma (donor percentage > 5%), >67% of severe cases can be offered convalescent plasma transfusion (treatment coverage > 67%) in a moderately severe epidemic (R 0 < 1.4 with 0.5% of symptomatic cases becoming severe). A donor percentage of 5% is comparable to the average blood donation rate of 38.1 donations per 1,000 people in developed countries. Increasing the donor percentage above 15% does not significantly boost the convalescent plasma supply because supply is constrained by plasmapheresis capacity during most stages of the epidemic. The demand–supply balance depends on the natural history and transmission dynamics of the disease via the epidemic growth rate only. Compared to other major cities, Hong Kong has a low plasmapheresis capacity. Therefore, the proposed passive-immunotherapy program is a logistically feasible mitigation option for many developed countries. As such, passive immunotherapy deserves more consideration by clinical researchers regarding its safety and efficacy as a treatment for severe cases of pandemic influenza.
Source: The National Academy of Sciences
Read more: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/01/22/0911596107
Comment
From headline news to has-been
by Fergus Walsh (BBC News)
Swine flu began as a global health emergency, but thankfully never lived up to the initial fears. Cast your mind back to July 2009 and Britain was in the grip of swine flu fever. There were more than 100,000 cases a week and it dominated the headlines. When the National Pandemic Flu Service was launched it initially went into meltdown. Little wonder as at one point the website was getting 2,600 hits per second.
Source: BBC Blog
Read more: http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/ferguswalsh/2010/02/from_headline_news_to_hasbeen.html
Risk Communication
CDC: Enjoy a safe and healthy Lunar New Year!
[...] Important Health Information
Mosquito-borne illnesses, such as malaria, dengue fever, and Japanese encephalitis, are common throughout Asia, so it is very important to take steps to prevent insect bites. In addition, you may need to take prescription medicine to protect yourself from malaria or get a vaccine against Japanese encephalitis. Talk to your doctor about which prevention measures are right for you and your destination.
Food and Water. Eating contaminated food and drinking contaminated water can cause illnesses such as hepatitis A, typhoid fever, and travelers’ diarrhea. Read about how to prevent these diseases by visiting the Safe Food and Water page of the Travelers’ Health website.
Seasonal flu, 2009 H1N1 flu and avian flu
Flu is a common illness in travelers. It is important to consider getting a seasonal flu shot before your trip. Learn more about seasonal flu.
This year a vaccine against 2009 H1N1 flu is also recommended, especially if you are at risk from health complications from flu. Learn more about 2009 H1N1 Flu and read the Travelers’ Health H1N1 outbreak notice: 2009 H1N1 flu: Global Situation.
Due to the circulation of 2009 H1N1 flu, some countries may screen arriving travelers for symptoms of the flu. Read more about possible screening for international travelers.
Another type of flu called avian influenza (“bird flu” or H5N1) has been found in poultry and wild birds in Asia, Europe, and Africa. While rare, human infection and death from H5N1 have been reported. To learn more about H5N1 virus visit, see Human Infection with Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus: Advice for Travelers.
Source: CDC
Read more: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/content/news-announcements/lunar-new-year-2010.aspx
Photo
Quote
"If this had been a bird flu virus then we would have needed enough antivirals for everybody and everybody would have wanted it. A lot of planning went into how to deal with the pandemic and in general we have been relatively successful in the dealing with it." Professor Wendy Barclay, a virologist from Imperial College London.
Source: From headline news to has-been - BBC
Read more: http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/ferguswalsh/2010/02/from_headline_news_to_hasbeen.html
News Flash
Drop in swine flu cases leads to helpline closure
BBC News
The National Pandemic Flu Service in England is to close because of the sharp decline in cases of the H1N1 swine flu virus. ...
Bird Flu Watch ahead of Chinese New Year
Thai-ASEAN News Network
Livestock officials across the country have stepped up bird flu control measures as the Chinese New Year celebrations draw near.
Read more: http://www.thailandoutlook.tv/tan/ViewData.aspx?DataID=1024824
Swine flu pandemic winding down, claims ministry
Austrian Independent
It said seven people with swine flu had had to be hospitalised during the past week, compared to 15 during the previous week. The ministry added that the ...
India's H1N1 toll touches 1274
TheMedGuru
... worldwide more than 209 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1 2009, ...
Suspect quarantined in Lampung hospital
The Jakarta Post
Abdul Moeloek General Hospital in Bandarlampung, Lampung, has again quarantined a patient suspected of being infected the bird flu after showing symptoms of high fever, coughing and difficulties of breathing.
Read more: http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/02/10/suspect-quarantined-lampung-hospital.html
Two-thirds of swine flu vaccines remain unused in NI
BBC News
The Department of Health in Northern Ireland still has half a million swine flu vaccines which remain unused. In mid-January, there were more than 60% of ...
Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases of Avian Influenza A/(H5N1) Reported to WHO
WHO
Read more: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/cases_table_2010_02_10/en/index.html
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 10 Februari 2010
Photo
Source: Daylife
Read more: http://www.daylife.com/photo/0a4q4zF8aK8RN?q=swine+flu
New Issue
Study finds lack of preparation for flu pandemics
One-quarter of Ontario hospitals don't have a plan for dealing with an influenza pandemic, says a survey in the American Journal of Infection Control.
Among smaller and rural hospitals, only about 60% had such a plan when the data were collected, a team led by Dr. Dick Zoutman, an infection control expert at Kingston General Hospital, discovered.
The study is based on data collected in 2007, well before the Spring, 2009 outbreak of H1N1 in Canada.
Zoutman said the figures are the most recent and are "highly relevant.
"They give us a very good idea as to the extent of some of the larger gaps in the level of preparedness. I have no reason to believe some of the gaps have been completely closed."[...]
Source: Toronto Sun
Read more: http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2010/02/09/12801946-qmi.html
Research
A rapid test for the detection of influenza A virus including pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009
A new rapid diagnostic test for detection of influenza A virus was evaluated with four sets of experiments: first, a comparison with a commercial diagnostic kit against a panel of virus strains was conducted; second, the kit was tested against a collection of 40 strains of influenza A virus isolated from five different host species and 26 strains of other respiratory viruses used as controls; third, the kit was tested against specimens collected in the field obtained from human and chicken; and fourth, the kit was tested against the novel pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009 clinical specimens obtained from admitted to hospital patients. The test kit displayed a sensitivity of 88% for both human specimens and avian specimens. The corresponding specificity was 99.3% for human specimens and 96.5% for avian specimens. This test kit may be useful for rapid diagnosis of influenza A virus.
Source: Science Direct
Comment
Jennifer Aniston 'helping Mexico' with birthday holiday
Jennifer Aniston chose to celebrate her 41st birthday in Mexico to help boost the country's tourism industry.
The former "Friends" actress jetted off to the sun-soaked resort of Los Cabos last week with pals Courteney Cox, Sheryl Crow and rumored love interest Gerard Butler for a week of fun leading up to her birthday on Wednesday.
And Aniston has revealed she chose the destination to help encourage others to return to Mexico for holidays following the recent swine flu outbreak, which crippled the country last year.
Source: San Francisco Chronicle Blog
Read more: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/dailydish/detail?entry_id=56912
Risk Communication
Swine flu service to be closed
A swine flu hotline and Internet service will be switched off this week as the number of cases dwindle, say health chiefs.
Was the threat of swine flu exaggerated? Use the poll on the bottom right of this page to have your say
Patients on Wearside are being advised that the National Pandemic Flu Service (NPFS) will shut down at 1am on Thursday.
Source: Sunderland Echo
Read more: http://www.sunderlandecho.com/news/Swine-flu-service-to-be.6054712.jp
Quote
"Our study indicates that parental worries about H1N1 vaccine safety have limited national efforts to vaccinate kids against H1N1 disease".
SOURCE: Medical News Today
Read more: http://www.daylife.com/quote/0by55lkd1sauZ?q=h1n1
News Flash
Satu Lagi Warga Bekasi Tewas karena Flu Burung
Kompas
[...] kasus flu burung atau H5N1 masih terjadi di Indonesia. NL (25), warga Bekasi, Jawa Barat, meninggal dunia pada 25 Januari 2010 akibat virus H5N1.
Eggs Withdrawn at Markets after Flu Outbreak
The Irrawady
Burmese authorities have banned the sale of eggs in markets in Rangoon Division after the discovery of the A/H1N1 virus at a chicken farm, according to Rangoon sources.
Read more: http://www.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=17768
Senegal confirms H1N1 outbreak
Africa News
The Senegalese Minister of Health and Preventive Medicine, Modou Diagne Fada, confirmed that the country had been hit by the epidemic AH1N1 influenza. According to earlier reports, the first cases were detected in the religious city of Touba and nearby Diourbel (located in the central part of the country).
Read more: http://www.africanews.com/site/Senegal_confirms_H1N1_outbreak/list_messages/29942
Public outcry over swine flu tests on Romanian children
WAZ Euobserver
Growing concern in Romania about the opaque circumstances in which a vaccine against swine flu is being tested on children has forced health authorities to postpone the launch of the vaccination campaign by at least one month.
Read more: http://waz.euobserver.com/887/29433
Swine flu vaccination study extended to children
Physorg
A study being run in Scotland to identify any rare side effects of the swine flu vaccine has now been expanded to include under-16s.
Read more: http://www.physorg.com/wire-news/27189311/swine-flu-vaccination-study-extended-to-children.html
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 5 Februari 2010
Photo
In this photo made Monday, Feb. 1, 2010, Clorox bleach bottles are posed for a photo in Moreland Hills, Ohio. Household products maker Clorox Co. said Thursday, Feb. 4, that its second-quarter profit jumped 28 percent as it continued to get a boost from sales linked to the swine flu.
Source: Yahoo - AP Photo/Amy Sancetta
New Issue
Swine flu pandemic hit European children: study
The pandemic of H1N1 swine flu raised the death rate among children across Europe late last year but not adults, researchers reported on Thursday.
Early reports showed about a 28 percent rise in deaths among children aged 5 to 14 in eight countries, Anne Mazick of the Statens Serum Institut in Copenhagen, Denmark and colleagues found.
This added up to about 77 deaths above what would normally be seen in that age group in those months, they reported in the online journal Eurosurveillance here. [...]
Source: Reuters
Read more: http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6135LK20100204
Research
Study Supports Seasonal Influenza Vaccine for Young Infants
Vaccination against seasonal influenza is safe and produces a protective immune response in infants as young as 6 to 12 weeks, concludes a study in the February issue of The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. The journal is published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a part of Wolters Kluwer Health, a leading provider of information and business intelligence for students, professionals, and institutions in medicine, nursing, allied health, and pharmacy.
Source: Newswise
Comment
By Jenny Hope
The swine flu pandemic, which has cost the nation more than £1billion, was declared over yesterday.
With the number of new cases plummeting, health chiefs announced the 24-hour flu helpline will close down next Thursday.
Critics said the seven-month outbreak had been mishandled by ministers and health officials, who had made a flawed assessment of the threat.
Swine flu has killed 411 Britons, with 124 more still in hospital - yet the 5,000 cases a week are far below the average for seasonal flu.
Source: Daily Mail
Risk Communication
Thais urged to voluntarily get vaccinated against A/H1N1 flu
Thailand's public health ministry Thursday instructed public health stations nationwide to urge people to voluntarily get vaccinated against the A/H1N1 influenza.
Only some 125,670 Thais were vaccinated against the A/H1N1 influenza during a period from January 11 to 29, Public Health Minister Jurin Laksanavisit disclosed Thursday.[...]
Source: Chen Qi - The World of Micro-organism bacteria fungi archaea H5N1 H1N1
Read more: http://www.dowell-netherlands.com/2010/02/thais-urged-to-voluntarily-get.html
Quote
"Our preliminary data show that the mortality reported during the 2009 influenza pandemic did not reach levels normally seen during seasonal influenza epidemics," the researchers wrote.
From the article: "Swine flu pandemic hit European children: study"
Source: Reuters
Read more: http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6135LK20100204
News Flash
Swine flu service to be shut down
Press Assoc. via Yahoo! UK & Ireland News
The National Pandemic Flu Service (NPFS) will be stood down in response to the "steady reduction" in the number of cases of swine flu, it has been announced.[...]
Irish Health
The swine flu pandemic now appears to be diminishing significantly, with the latest reported rate of H1N1 in the community only 7.5 per 100000. [...]
China: Everyone should be immunized against H1N1
Silobreaker
Via Shanghai Daily: Ministry: All should have swine flu shots. Excerpt:China says it is expanding its free inoculation plan against swine flu to include all people, except for those with contraindication to the vaccine, according to a latest notice posted ...
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung
Newsletter 4 Februari 2010
New Issue
This is an 8 minute trailer for a longer (1 hour) film on the 1918 pandemic. I’ve not seen any air dates for the completed film, but the transcript is available on the Flu.gov site.
You can watch this trailer on YouTube, or on the Flu.Gov site on the We Heard The Bells page.
Source: Avian Flu Diary
Read more: http://afludiary.blogspot.com/2010/02/hhs-video-we-heard-bells.html
Research
Background.Severe pandemic 2009 influenza A virus (H1N1) infection is associated with risk factors that include pregnancy, obesity, and immunosuppression. After identification of immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) deficiency in 1 severe case, we assessed IgG subclass levels in a cohort of patients with H1N1 infection.
Methods.Patient features, including levels of serum IgG and IgG subclasses, were assessed in patients with acute severe H1N1 infection (defined as infection requiring respiratory support in an intensive care unit), patients with moderate H1N1 infection (defined as inpatients not hospitalized in an intensive care unit), and a random sample of healthy pregnant women.
Results.Among the 39 patients with H1N1 infection (19 with severe infection, 7 of whom were pregnant; 20 with moderate infection, 2 of whom were pregnant), hypoabuminemia ( ), anemia ( ), and low levels of total IgG ( ), IgG1 ( ), and IgG2 (15 of 19 vs 5 of 20; ; mean value ± standard deviation [SD], g/L vs g/L; ) were all statistically significantly associated with severe H1N1 infection, but only hypoalbuminemia ( ) and low mean IgG2 levels ( ) remained significant after multivariate analysis. Follow‐up of 15 (79%) surviving IgG2‐deficient patients at a mean (±SD) of days (R, 38–126) after the initial acute specimen was obtained found that hypoalbuminemia had resolved in most cases, but 11 (73%) of 15 patients remained IgG2 deficient. Among 17 healthy pregnant control subjects, mildly low IgG1 and/or IgG2 levels were noted in 10, but pregnant patients with H1N1 infection had significantly lower levels of IgG2 ( ).
Conclusions.Severe H1N1 infection is associated with IgG2 deficiency, which appears to persist in a majority of patients. Pregnancy‐related reductions in IgG2 level may explain the increased severity of H1N1 infection in some but not all pregnant patients. The role of IgG2 deficiency in the pathogenesis of H1N1 infection requires further investigation, because it may have therapeutic implications.
Source: University of Chicago Press
Read more: http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/650462
Risk Communication
Targeted prevention stopped spread of H1N1 at Alabama boys camp
Providing preventive Tamiflu and educating and emphasizing the need for repeated hand sanitizer use and disinfectant spray helped stop the spread of H1N1 influenza at a boys' summer camp in northern Alabama, according the co-director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases.
Source: Eurekalert
Read more: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-02/uoaa-tps020310.php
Photo
Chemists discover how antiviral drugs bind to and block flu virus
Researchers have determined where an antiviral drug binds to and blocks a channel necessary for the flu virus to spread. The team also discovered that the drug spins in the channel, meaning there could be room for developing drugs that do a better job blocking the channel and stopping the flu.
Source: ScienceDaily
News Flash
H1N1 fears lead to worldwide garlic shortage
Baltimore Sun
The Dispatch is reporting that Chinese consumers believe that garlic will ward off the swine flu, so they've been stockpiling it. ...112 people dies of A/H1N1 influenza in Hungary
Xinhua
In all 112 people have died of the A/H1N1 influenza in Hungary, Hungarian Health Minister Tamas Szekely told a news conference in Budapest on ...
A/H1N1 flu deaths down for four straight weeks in China
Xinhua
China reported 13 new deaths from A/H1N1 influenza last week as more than 74 million people have been vaccinated to stem the spread of the ...
36 new H1N1 cases in one day (AsiaOne)
THIRTY-SIX people tested positive yesterday for Influenza A (H1N1) in Brunei Darussalam. The new cases were recorded by the Ministry of Health in just one day.
Disclaimer: Newsletter ini hanya merupakan kumpulan dari artikel/liputan/tulisan yang diambil dari berbagai sumber mengenai situasi terkini pandemi influenza di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Namun demikian isi/ilustrasi/foto tidak mewakili kepentingan atau kebijakan KOMNAS FBPI secara langsung